Rhythmic Modulations in Herbie Hancock's Chameleon
In the original studio version, around 12 minutes into the track, there is a less known part with interesting rhythmic modulations. Let's have a look at how it works!
Example 1
Before we get to the rhythmic modulations, let's have a short look at Harvey Mason's basic groove pattern, which is well known already.
This is a cool pattern, and its main characteristic is the anticipated backbeat on the snare drum, right before the second beat.
- My Time Manipulation Drum Book provides a whole section on anticipations, that will make the picture much more complete if you study it. See pages 49–62 of the book.
Example 2
This example is the transcription of the structure of a less known part of the tune that I call the interlude and which has interesting time signature changes that can be called rhythmic modulations.
- Section G starts at 11:48 into the track, and it is in 4/4. It ends with a measure of 7/8 that makes the transition to the 6/8 measures in the next section.
- Section H is in 6/8 for four measures and goes back to 4/4 for one measure.
- Section I starts with three measures of 4/4, one measure of 7/8 and then seven measures of 6/8 and back to 4/4 in the last measure. It repeats three time and ends with the third ending.
Video 1
- Play the video below and follow the chart above
- Look at the video below to see the structure that I outlined in the Transcribe! application.
- Section markers are blue.
- Measure markers are green.
- Beat markers are thin and black.
- Listen to the click provided by the markers.
- See the time signature changes in the grey area above.
- NB the video starts four measures before section G
Example 3
Here is a basic groove pattern in 6/8. This time signature is made of two beats.
Example 4
To understand the general feel of what's being played in the 6/8 section, it is interesting to work on 2:3 polyrhythmic patterns such as this one:
- My Time Manipulation Drum Book provides many similar patterns in 12/8, including displacements of these rhythms. They will make the picture much more complete if you study them. See pages 100–107 of the book.
Example 5
We can have an interesting look at the 6/8 passages, if we count them in three beats instead of two.
Here is a basic 3/4 groove pattern:
Example 6
What is interesting in this case is to feel a 3-count pulse, but to imply patterns in 6/8 - and therefore in two beats - within the 3-count.
- Try to play the patterns counting aloud.
Examples 7 & 8
Example 7:
- There are 4 dotted eighth notes in the space of 3 beats (quarter notes).
- There are 2 dotted eighth notes in the space of 3 eighth notes.
Now let's play this 4:3 (or 2:3) polyrhythmic pattern, again counting aloud in three:
Example 8 is the same pattern with an alternate writing, which may be more common to drummers.
Video 2
This is the same structure as in the previous video, but with 3/4 clicks instead of 6/8.
Listen with attention and you will hear that 3/4 ideas are actually played, as well as 6/8.
It always makes sense to have more than a single point of view on the subject of time signatures.
- My Time Manipulation Drum Book provides a whole section on rhythmic modulations, metric modulations and implied modulations. Do yourself a favor and look at pages 122–137 of the book!
Herbie Hancock Head Hunters
Bennie Maupin : sax
Paul Jackson : bass
Harvey Mason : drums
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